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Beaches and dunes

Zone of unconsolidated material that extends landward from the low water line to where there is marked change in material or physiographic form, or to the line of permanent vegetation (usually the effective limit of storm waves). The seaward limit of a beach-unless otherwise specified-is the mean low water line. (Watson; Adams, 2011) A low hill or ridge of drifted sand in coastal areas that can be bare or covered
with vegetation. The primary dune, also called primary frontal dune, is the
critical first line of coastal defense exposed to harshest conditions of erosion,
wind, waves, and salt air, requiring hardy vegetation for.
(Watson; Adams, 2011)

Beaches and dunes

Benefits

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health, social, economic, ecologic

Hazards

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ecosystem disruption, erosion

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